Entries by Stephan

Cannabis Social Club: Become a member – application & costs

The most important thing: Cannabis social clubs (cultivation associations) have been legal in Germany since July 1, 2024. Up to 500 members, non-profit, maximum 25 g distribution/day or 50 g/month. No sale – only cost recovery. At a glance: Legal since July 1, 2024 – maximum 500 members, non-profit, distribution up to 25 g/day No […]

Cannabis for tinnitus: CB1, CBD & studies at a glance

Most important: Tinnitus is one of the few indications where cannabis may NOT help: CB1 activation in the dorsal cochlear nucleus can increase tinnitus-like activity. Bhatt 2020: Cannabis use associated with increased risk of tinnitus. At a glance: CB1 receptors in auditory cortex and cochlear nuclei – but cannabis can worsen tinnitus Bhatt 2020: Cannabis […]

CBG: The cannabinoid strain – effects, research & application

The most important thing: CBGA is the biosynthetic precursor of all cannabinoids – less than 1% CBG remains in mature plants. Farha 2020: CBG destroyed MRSA biofilms more effectively than many standard antibiotics. At a glance: CBGA is biosynthetic precursor of all cannabinoids – less than 1% CBG left in mature plants Farha 2020: CBG […]

Cannabis for seniors: pain, sleep & risks from 65

The most important thing: the ECS changes with age: CB1 receptor density decreases, anandamide decreases. People over 65 are the fastest growing group when it comes to medicinal cannabis – and often react more strongly to cannabinoids. At a glance: CB1 receptor density decreases with age – older people react more strongly to cannabinoids Over […]

Cannabis for burnout: HPA axis, cortisol & ECS

The most important thing: Chronic stress downregulates CB1 receptors in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus – directly measurable in burnout pathophysiology. CBD modulates the HPA axis and can lower basal cortisol levels. At a glance: Chronic stress → CB1 downregulation in the prefrontal cortex – measurable ECS deficit in burnout CBD modulates HPA axis and […]

CBN: The sleep cannabinoid – effects, studies & dosage

The most important thing: CBN is produced by THC oxidation – not by extraction. CBN alone has no measurable sleep effect. Only CBN+THC combined is measurably more sedating than THC alone (Musty 1976). Many CBN products exaggerate. At a glance: CBN alone = no measurable sleep effect – only CBN+THC combined significantly more sedative CBN […]

Cannabis for bipolar disorder: risks, CBD & studies

The most important thing: THC is a recognized risk factor for mania triggers in bipolar disorder. 40% of bipolar patients use cannabis for self-medication – mostly for depressive phases. Psychiatric consultation is mandatory. At a glance: THC in bipolar disorder = risk factor for mania triggers – no attempt to self-medicate with THC 40% of […]

Cannabis for Alzheimer’s & dementia: CBD, neuroprotection & ECS

Most importantly, Alzheimer’s patients have reduced anandamide levels and downregulated CB1 receptors in the entorhinal cortex. CBD inhibits amyloid-β aggregation and tau hyperphosphorylation – both core drivers of the disease. At a glance: CBD inhibits amyloid-β aggregation and tau hyperphosphorylation (in vitro and animal model) CB2 on microglial cells: Cannabis reduces neuroinflammation – a core […]

Cannabis for rheumatism & arthritis: CB2, inflammation & studies

Most important: CB2 receptors are located directly on inflamed synovial cells and chondrocytes in rheumatism. Blake 2006 (RCT, n=58): Nabiximols significantly better than placebo for pain and disease activity (DAS28). At a glance: CB2 is directly expressed on synovial cells and chondrocytes – cannabis attacks at the site of inflammation Blake 2006 (RCT, n=58): Nabiximols […]

Cannabis for Migraine: CB1, CGRP & Studies

The Most Important: THC inhibits CGRP release from trigeminal nerve endings – the same target as modern migraine biologics (Aimovig, Emgality). Rhyne 2016: Migraine frequency decreased from 10.4 to 4.6 attacks/month (−56 %). At a Glance: THC inhibits CGRP – the same target as migraine biologics (Aimovig, Emgality) Rhyne 2016 (n=121): −56 % migraine frequency […]

Cannabis for Migraine: CB1, CGRP & Studies

The Most Important: THC inhibits CGRP release from trigeminal nerve endings – the same target as modern migraine biologics (Aimovig, Emgality). Rhyne 2016: Migraine frequency decreased from 10.4 to 4.6 attacks/month (−56 %). At a Glance: THC inhibits CGRP – the same target as migraine biologics (Aimovig, Emgality) Rhyne 2016 (n=121): −56 % reduction in […]

Cannabis for Migraine: CB1, CGRP & Studies

The Most Important: THC inhibits CGRP release from trigeminal nerve endings – the same target as modern migraine biologics (Aimovig, Emgality). Rhyne 2016: Migraine frequency decreased from 10.4 to 4.6 attacks/month (−56 %). At a Glance: THC inhibits CGRP – the same target as migraine biologics (Aimovig, Emgality) Rhyne 2016 (n=121): −56 % reduction in […]

Cannabis for Migraine: CB1, CGRP & Studies

The Most Important: THC inhibits CGRP release from trigeminal nerve endings – the same target as modern migraine biologics (Aimovig, Emgality). Rhyne 2016: Migraine frequency decreased from 10.4 to 4.6 attacks/month (−56 %). At a Glance: THC inhibits CGRP – the same target as migraine biologics (Aimovig, Emgality) Rhyne 2016 (n=121): −56 % reduction in […]

Cannabis for Migraine: CB1, CGRP & Studies

The essentials: THC inhibits CGRP release from trigeminal nerve endings – the same target as modern migraine biologics (Aimovig, Emgality). Rhyne 2016: migraine frequency dropped from 10.4 to 4.6 attacks/month (−56%). At a glance: THC inhibits CGRP – the same target as migraine biologics (Aimovig, Emgality) Rhyne 2016 (n=121): −56% migraine frequency with medical cannabis […]

Cannabis for Anxiety Disorders: Effects, Strains & Dosage

Anxiety disorders are the most common mental illnesses in Germany after depression — and one of the most common reasons why people apply for a cannabis prescription. At the same time, cannabis can worsen anxiety. This paradox is explained by dosage, strain, and individual response. Here’s what you need to know. How cannabis affects anxiety: […]